So all that’s left is the unpredictable bits, and those are what you’re at the mercy of. And the unpredictable bits are happening constantly.

But if you assume enough rich people do technical analysis and pattern day trading you can earn money by doing what's essentially technical analysis, but with different patterns - ones designed to capitalize on the old patterns used by the rich.

Keep in mind, I'm not saying technical analysis works. I don't think it does, but that's without seriously examining the evidence. I'm just saying that the diminishing profit argument doesn't work. At least not as presented.

if this were the case, it seems likely that others with deeper pockets than you, perhaps other high frequency traders, would rapidly exhaust those profit opportunities

Having said that, “let’s take difference to EMA” is pretty the one-size-fits-all solution, and there are no shortage of firms looking at minute to hour long trades to gobble up anything human TA practitioners would ever try to trade.

This just further emphasizes the point that retail investors relying on TA are having their lunch eaten. HFTs are picking the minute opportunities because that's all that exists. If there were longer-term strategies that were reliably profitable, do you think they simply ignore them?

> If there were long term strategies that were reliably profitable, do you think they would simply ignore them?

Yes? Mid frequency trading (say holding period of 5 minutes to ~1 hour) is a totally different class of quantitative trading, from the features you use to how you build portfolios (if at all) to how you execute on forecasts. At least one top-of-the-game hft firm (that already relied on forecasts instead of speed) got burned on their first attempt to enter mid frequency.

Put differently: "A bunch of smart people who have proven to be able to reliably extract profits from microsecond trades tried their hand at exploiting patterns on longer timescales and were unable to. Even though I have less money, information, access to markets, and am just one person, I believe I can succeed where they failed."

Now, perhaps each new generation of patterns would have diminishing returns over the previous generation. My intuition is that this almost certainly true. But either an argument or evidence has to exist for it and I'm not aware of any.

correct, exactly what I'm saying, any opportunities, including those derived from other opportunities being seized, would themselves be seized by such deep pockets and HFT firms

> ...or day-traders.

unfortunately I doubt it, due to the above

If those with deeper pockets had reliably exploitable trading strategies, other teams with equally deep pockets would be exploiting them. You need to simultaneously believe that widely known and understood patterns exist which are profitable to exploit but also that nobody with large sums of money and a financial incentive to profit is interested in taking that easy money.

The opportunity is there for the average person to take, but it needs sufficient skill / training, like any other skill. I can't "prove it" to you, but I already proved it to myself and many people in the trading community did.

You don't need any sophisticated tools or huge amounts of money. It's bloody difficult though, not just for the technical reasons (there are many strategies but most go beyond a MA crossover, even though I'm not denying even that can produce alpha -- I don't know or care), but mostly for psychological reasons. And psychology is what's behind many of the patterns you see in the markets.

Every year there are people who beat the indexes and there are people who perform worse than the indexes. Every successive year some proportion of the winners stay winners and some become losers. The interesting thing to note is that—if you look at the statistics—winning one year has almost no bearing on whether or not you win the next year.

Still, there are participants who flipped that weighted coin year after year and caught heads five years in a row. It doesn't mean they have a successful strategy. It just means that if you flip a 45/55 coin five years in a row, two out of one hundred people will get a string of heads.

I've personally witnessed all of my day-trading friends go through this (I almost said "learn this lesson" but I'm not sure they have). For a while they beat the index and they're convinced their strategy is sound. One day something unexpected happens and they're suddenly in the hole. Often this is compounded by having an enormous tax bill on "gains" that no longer exist, necessitating selling off holdings that are deep in the red, making it even harder to get back to positive.

Do some individuals exist who can reliably beat the markets? Sure. They just are exceedingly likely to not be you, and none of them are offering their services to you.

You're right in that most of the time, the directional probability of the market is close to 50% for a 1:1 trade.

There are instances where the directional probability is significantly above 50% to make a trade have a positive EV (if it's not 1:1, the baseline is not 50%, and there are similarly moments where the directional probability for a different risk-reward is above its baseline for some direction). Different strategies tailor to different RRs, but you can absolutely find those entries.

However, as you said it's easy to get caught up in the illusion of profitability for a given market condition. For example, in a strong bull market like the post COVID stimulus, you could trade to the long side in a large timeframe and just win money because of the anomaly of such a protracted spike in the daily charts.

That's not a sustainable strategy though which explains what happened to your friends. A price action system that takes into account markets structure works in every environment, be it ranging, surging or a bear market.

Learning price action TA takes time to learn though, it's a skill like when we learned to code till the time we got paid for it. And trading, in general, goes against how our brain works. Psychology is the great barrier to profitability once you have a strategy. It explains the high failure rate. it being a hard skill is why there's so few people doing it, But it's not because it needs a very high IQ or Rafa Nadal's strength of mind. Most people could get there, but it takes a lot of effort, and theres so much deception and scamming around it, it's easier to pretend it's impossible based on the amount of people that fail.