>I cannot download an app on Android and run it on Debian
Yes you can on the android emulator. The biggest issue is compu arch in that case.
> I cannot compile a program on one version of the same distro and run it on another version of the same distro
Yes you can for the most part (unless it uses a capability provided by a newer kernel which is super rare and mostly limited to system tools, and less for "apps"). Actually that is what makes containers and flatpak possible. It even works accross different distros as long as cpu arch is the same.
Yes you can on the android emulator. The biggest issue is compu arch in that case.
> I cannot compile a program on one version of the same distro and run it on another version of the same distro
Yes you can for the most part (unless it uses a capability provided by a newer kernel which is super rare and mostly limited to system tools, and less for "apps"). Actually that is what makes containers and flatpak possible. It even works accross different distros as long as cpu arch is the same.